Hess RA, Thurston RJ, Biellier HV. 1976 Morphology of the epididymal region and ductus deferens of the turkey, (Meleagris gallopavo). J. Anatomy 122:241-252.

Hess RA, Thurston RJ. 1977 Ultrastructure of the epithelial cells in the epididymal region of the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo). J. Anatomy 124:765-778.

Carter SD, Hess RA, Laskey JW. 1987 Infertility in male Sprague-Dawley rats after exposure to carbendazim. Biol. Reprod. 37:709-717.

Kirby JD, Froman DP, Engel HN, Bernier PE and Hess RA. 1990 Decreased spermatozoal survivability associated with aberrant morphology of the ductuli efferentes proximales of the chicken (Gallus domesticus). Biol. Reprod. 42:383-389.

Cooke PS, Young P, Hess RA, Cunha GR. 1991 Estrogen receptor expression in developing epididymis, efferent ductules and other male reproductive organs. Endocrinology 128:2874-2879.

Hess RA, Moore BJ, Forrer J, Linder RE, Abuel-Atta A. 1991 The fungicide benomyl [methyl 1-(butylcarbamoyl)-2-benzimidazole carbamate] causes testicular dysfunction by inducing the sloughing of germ cells and occlusion of efferent ductules. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 17:733-745.

Guttroff R, Cooke PS, Hess RA. 1992 Blind-ending tubules and branching patterns of the rat ductuli efferentes. Anat. Rec. 232:423-431.

Ilio KY, Hess RA. 1992 Localization and activity of sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+,K+-ATPase) in the ductuli efferentes. Anat. Rec. 234:190-200.

Nakai M, Hess RA, Moore BJ, Guttroff R, Strader LF, Linder RE. 1992 Acute and long-term effects of a single dose of the fungicide carbendazim (methyl 2-benzimidazole carbamate) on the male reproductive system in the rat. J. Androl. 13:507-518.

Nakai M, Moore BJ, Hess RA. 1993 Epithelial reorganization and irregular growth following carbendazim-induced injury of the efferent ductules of the rat testis. Anat. Rec. 235:51-60.

Ilio KY and Hess RA. 1994 Structure and function of the ductuli efferentes: A review. Microsc. Res. Techniq. 29:432-467.

Kwon S, Hess RA, Bunick D, Nitta H, Janulis L, Osawa Y, Bahr JM. 1995 Rooster testicular germ cells and epididymal sperm contain P450 aromatase. Biol. Reprod. 53:1259-1264.

Foley GL, Bassily N, Hess RA. 1995 Intratubular spermatic granulomas of the canine efferent ductules. Toxicologic Pathology 23:731-734.

Janulis L, Hess RA, Bunick D, Nitta H, Janssen S, Osawa Y, Bahr JM. 1996 Mouse epididymal sperm contain active P450 aromatase which decreases as sperm traverse the epididymis. J. Androl. 17:111-116.

Janulis L, Bahr JM, Hess RA, Bunick D. 1996 P450 aromatase messenger ribonucleic acid expression in male rat germ cells: detection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplification. J. Androl. 17:651-658.

Kwon S, Hess RA, Bunick D, Kirby JD, Bahr JM. 1997 Estrogen Receptors are present in the epididymis of the rooster. J. Androl. 18:378-384.

Hess RA, Gist DH, Bunick D, Lubahn DB, Farrell A, Bahr J, Cooke PS, and Greene GL. 1997. Estrogen receptor (a & ß) expression in the excurrent ducts of the adult male rat reproductive tract. J. Androl. 18:602-611.

Hess RA, Bunick D, Korach KS, Taylor JA, Bahr J, Lee K-H, Lubahn DB. 1997.Estrogen regulates fluid reabsorption in the head of the epididymis. Nature 390:509-512.

Chen YC, Bunick D, Bahr J, , Klinefelter GR, Hess RA. 1998. Isolation and culture of epithelial cells from rat efferent ductule and initial segment epididymidis. Tissue and Cell 30:1-13.

Janulis L, Bahr JM, Hess RA, Janssen S, Osawa Y, Bunick D. 1998. Rat testicular germ cells and epididymal sperm contain active P450 aromatase. J Androl. 19:65-71.

Janssen SJ., Bunick D, Finnigan-Bunick C, Chen YC, Hess R, Bahr JM. 1998. Morphology and function of rooster efferent ductule epithelial cells in culture. Tissue Cell. 30:554-561.

Hess RA. 1998. Effects of environmental toxicants on the efferent ductules, epididymis and fertility. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 53:247-259.

Janssen SJ, Kirby JD, Hess RA, Rhoads M, Bunick D, Bailey K, Wang H, Bahr JM. 1999. Reduced fertility in roosters with epididymal calcium stones. Poultry Sci. (In press).

Hess RA and Nakai. M. 2000. Histopathology of the male reproductive system induced by the fungicide benomyl. Histol. Histopathol. 15:207-224.

Hess RA, Bunick D, Lubahn DB, Zhou Q, Bouma J. 2000. Morphological changes in efferent ductules and epididymis in estrogen receptor-a knockout mice. J. Androl. (In press).

Hess RA. 2000. Oestrogen in fluid transport and reabsorption in efferent ducts of the male reproductive tract. Reviews of Reproduction. (in press).

Nie R, Zhou Q, Hess RA. 2000. Localization of estrogen receptor-a in the reproductive tract of adult male dogs and cats: an immunohistochemical study. J. Androl. (Submitted).

Hess RA. 2000. Estrogen and the male reproductive tract. International J. Andrology. (Submitted).